A 'yaan

Plural of ayn. Goods or specific thing

A’mal

plural of amal (work) that is required in a partnership or based on which a partnership is formed

'Abd

slave; servant; abd madhun is a slave who has been authorized by his master to handle business on his behalf

Abddan

sharikat al-abddan

Adhaab / azab

Punishment, especially the punishment for failing to obey Allah Taala. see the Holy Quran

Adl / adil

Justice and equity. A fundamental value governing all social behaviour and forming the basis of all socialdealings and legal framework

Afdal

The best

AH

After Hijra. Hijra means emigration. The Islamic calendar startsfrom the day the Holy Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.), emigrated from Mekkah to Madinah, in 622 A.D.

Ahadeeth also spelled Ahadith

Sayings and traditions of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.). Singular: Hadith.

'Ahd

covenant; here it is used in the context of dhimmah (personal­ity), which is considered by the jurists a covenant with the Creator.

Ahkam

Plural of hukm (rule); the ahkam of a contract (legal ef­fects) as distinguished from its huquq (rights of performance of the contract) the Hanna’s make a distinction between the two.

Ahl ar-ray

Means people of opinion. It is refers to people that are consulted on Islamic matters. These people are highly learned in Islam.

Ahliyah

Legal capacity

Ahliyat al-ada'

Legal capacity for execution

Ahliyat al-wujub

Legal capacity for the acquisition of rights and obligations.

Ahlul Kitab Wa Sunnah

Literally means "the People of the Book (the Holy Quran) and the sayings and traditions, i.e. the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.)".

Ajal

period; duration for which delivery is delayed.

Ajanib

plural of ajnabi (stranger); those who are not co-owners in a property.

Ajnabi

stranger; see ajanib.

Ajr al-mithl / Ajrul Mithl

reasonable wages; wages to which a person would be entitled under normal circumstances or customary in the community.

Al Fard al Kifayah

Socially obligatory duties. Literally, a collective duty of Muslims, the discharge of which by some of them absolves the rest of its performance, such as funeral prayers. Technically it covers such functions which the community fails to or cannot perform and hence are taken over by the state, such as the provision of utilities, building of roads, bridges and canals etc.

Al Hisba

System of accountability in an Islamic state in order to check unlawful practices.

Al-Aamilu-Alaz-Zakah

Zakah collector.

Alaihis Salaam / A.S.

May Allahs peace be upon him. A phrase which is usually read after the name of a prophet other than Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) is mentioned.

Alim

An Islamic religious scholar. Plural: Ulamaa.

Al-khardj bi al-damdn

a principle based upon a tradition; it is perhaps, the most influential principle in Islamic law, applies to contracts, damages, and even crimes.

Allah

The Name of the Creator of the Universe and all that it contains according to Islam. Derives from the word "Ilah" which means "the One deserving all worship", the One to Whom all hearts submit in love, fear, reverence, desire, trust and sincerity, and to Whom all limbs submit in all forms of worship such as prayers, supplications, sacrifices, invocations, etc.

Al-Mofaviza

General Partnership (one of the types of partnership under Musharakah)

Al-sharikah dhat al-mas 'uliyah al-mahdudah

the name for a private limited company in Egyptian law

Al-wadia / Al-wadi'ah

This refers to deposits in trust, in which a person may hold property in trust for another, sometimes by implication of a contract.

Al-wakala al mutlaqa

Resale of goods with a discount on the original stated cost. Absolute power of attorney.

Al-Qard al-Hassan

Loans fixed for a definite period of time without interest or profit sharing.

'Amal

work; conduct.

Amana / Amanah

Lit: reliability, trustworthiness, loyalty, honesty; Technically, an important value of Islamic society in mutual dealings; anything, which is in posses­sion of a person who is not the owner of it for safekeeping. In case of unintended loss to the thing, he is not obliged to pay compensation.

Ameen / Amin

Custodian or guardian; trustee.

Amir

Amir is used in Islam to mean leader or commander.

Amwal

Wealth; in business context wealth that is contributed as capital in a partnership; Plural: mal.

'Aqd ghayr 'Azim

a contract that is terminable at the will of the parties, like partnership.

'Aqd Sahih

A legal contract.

'Aqd

agreement, contract.

Aqeeda

Literally means belief. In Islamic terminology, it means articles of faith

'Aaqilah

People who have ethnical relationship or rela­tionship of cooperation and help with an unin­tentional killer. They are legally obliged to bear blood money along with the killer.

'Aql

reason; fourth interest secured by the shariah and recognized as a purpose of the law; the existence of aql is an essential condition for ahliyat al-add.

Ardh / Ardhqw

land; property that includes goods, slaves and even real estate; according to most jurists land is not eligible for enti­tlement to profit as compared to other things that are: wealth, labor, credit-worthiness qiyas (analogy); a principle of law; principal amount in a debt; see A’s al-mal.

Athaman mutlaqah

absolute currencies; the term is usually applied to dinars and dirhams.

Awkaf/ Awqaf

A religious foundation set up for the benefit of the poor;  property voluntarily transferred to a charity or trust so that it is use for public benefits.

Ayah

A verse of the Holy Quran. Literally means "a sign". Plural: Ayaat.

'Ayn

The corpus or substance of a thing. A thing present as distin­guished from one that is absents at the time of the contract. In Hanafi terminology, a thing is to be determined through weight or measure during a transaction of sale.